Food Processing: Techniques and Technology Food Processing: Techniques and Technology Техника и технология пищевых производств 2074-9414 2313-1748 70119 10.21603/2074-9414-2023-3-2463 ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ ORIGINAL ARTICLE ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ Optimizing the Production of Polysaccharides from Cyanobacterium sp. IPPAS B-1200 Оптимизация получения полисахаридов из Cyanobacterium sp. IPPAS B-1200 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7910-8388 Сухих Станислав Алексеевич Sukhikh Stanislav A. stas-asp@mail.ru https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4854-5459 Буденкова Екатерина Александровна Budenkova Ekaterina A. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4854-5459 Бойченко Юлия-Даная Сергеевна Boychenko Yulia-Danae S. Анохова Вероника Дмитриевна Anokhova Veronika D. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0603-7456 Долганюк Вячеслав Федорович Dolganyuk Vyacheslav F. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0442-5471 Каширских Егор Владимирович Kashirskich Egor V. Балтийский федеральный университет имени Иммануила Канта Калининград Россия Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University Kaliningrad Russian Federation Балтийский федеральный университет имени Иммануила Канта Калининград Россия Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University Kaliningrad Russian Federation Балтийский федеральный университет им. Иммануила Канта Калининград Россия Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University Kaliningrad Russian Federation Балтийский федеральный университет им. Иммануила Канта Калининград Россия Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University Kaliningrad Russian Federation Балтийский федеральный университет имени Иммануила Канта Калининград Россия Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University Kaliningrad Russian Federation Балтийский федеральный университет имени Иммануила Канта Калининград Россия Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University Kaliningrad Russian Federation 29 09 2023 29 09 2023 53 3 631 641 25 07 2023 05 09 2023 https://fptt.ru/en/issues/22025/22022/

Цианобактерии являются перспективными продуцентами экзополисахаридов, обладающих высокой биологической активностью. Актуальным является вопрос выделения и идентификации экзополисахаридов из штамма цианобактерий Cyanobacterium sp. рода Cyanobacterium семейства Cyanobacteriaceae fam. nov. Цель исследования заключалась в изучении экзополисахаридов штамма цианобактерий Cyanobacterium sp. B-1200, в зависимости от физико-химических условий культивирования и состава культуральной среды, и подборе оптимальных параметров экстракции и очистки экзополисахаридов из культуральной среды. Штамм цианобактерии Cyanobacterium sp. B-1200 выращивали в условиях освещения 7500 ± 50 люкс (12 ч света/12 ч темноты). Сухую клеточную массу цианобактерий определяли методом гравиметрии, а также с использованием градуировочного графика зависимости количества биомассы от степени поглощения при длине волны 750 нм. Количество полисахаридов в культуральной жидкости оценивали антрон-сернокислым методом. Экстракцию полисахаридов осуществляли путем спиртового осаждения. Метод ультразвукового диспергирования применяли для деструкции клеточных стенок цианобактерий. В результате исследования подобрали оптимальные параметры экстракции и очистки экзополисахаридов. Удаление из культуральной среды гидрокарбоната натрия и увеличение его концентрации в среде на 300 % положительно влияло на выход полисахаридов. Оптимальным значением активной кислотности для синтеза полисахаридов являлось значение рН = 6. Оптимальная температура для накопления полисахаридов – 35 °С, хотя наибольшее количество биомассы отмечено при 25 °С. Интенсивное белое освещение способствовало наибольшему выходу экзополисахаридов в культуральную среду, красно-белое освещение вызывало изменение морфологии клеток цианобактерий. При проведении экстракции влияние оказывали концентрация, температура и природа экстрагента: наибольший выход экзополисахаридов наблюдался при использовании изопропанола, наименьший – при использовании бутанола. В результате подбора оптимальных режимов экстракции и очистки полисахаридов были сформулированы следующие рекомендации: для ультразвуковой обработки рекомендовано использовать мощность 20 Вт и время обработки 5 мин, для сублимационной – продолжительность 8 ч и температура –15 °С.

Cyanobacterium sp. IPPAS B-1200 is a cyanobacteria strain that belongs to the rare genus Cyanobacterium, family Cyanobacteriaceae fam. nov. Studies devoted to the isolation of secondary metabolites from this strain concentrate mostly on the fatty acid composition while the issue of isolating and identifying exopolysaccharides remains understudied. However, polysaccharides from cyanobacteria are of scientific and economic interest in the framework of biotechnology, medicine, pharmacology, etc. The research objective was to study the effect of the physicochemical conditions of cultivation and the composition of the cultural medium on exopolysaccharide production. Cyanobacterium sp. B-1200 were grown under 7500 ± 50 lux (12 h light/12 h dark). The dry cell weight was determined by gravimetry and a calibration plot that illustrated the dependence of the biomass amount on the degree of absorption at a wavelength of 750 nm. The amount of polysaccharides in the culture liquid was assessed by the Anthrone-sulphate method. The extraction was carried out by alcohol precipitation. The method of ultrasonic dispersion was used to destroy the cell walls of cyanobacteria. The experimental study revealed the optimal parameters for the extraction and purification of exopolysaccharides from the culture medium. Removal of sodium bicarbonate from the medium and a 300%-increase in its concentration raised the yield of polysaccharides. The optimal value of active acidity for the synthesis of polysaccharides was pH = 6 while the optimal temperature for their accumulation was 35°C. The largest amount of biomass was obtained at 25°C. Intense white illumination contributed to the greatest release of exopolysaccharides into the culture medium; red-white illumination affected the morphology of cyanobacteria cells. During the extraction, the concentration, temperature, and nature of the extractant proved to be the most important factors. For example, isopropanol produced the highest yield while butanol triggered the least effective response. The optimal extraction and purification modes for polysaccharides were as follows. For ultrasonic processing, the best results were obtained at a power of 20 W after 5 min. For freeze drying, the rational parameters were 8 h at –15°C.

 Cyanobacterium sp. экзополисахариды спиртовая экстракция условия культивирования ультразвуковое диспергирование культуральная жидкость нейтральные сахара уроновые кислоты Cyanobacterium sp. exopolysaccharides alcohol extraction cultivation conditions ultrasonic dispersion culture liquid neutral sugars uronic acids Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации (Минобрнауки России) , проект № 075-15-2022-245 (внутр. 13.2251.21.0134). The work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (Minobrnauki), project no. 075-15-2022-245 (ext. 13.2251.21.0134).

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