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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Bulletin of Kemerovo State University. Series: Political, Sociological and Economic sciences</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Bulletin of Kemerovo State University. Series: Political, Sociological and Economic sciences</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Вестник Кемеровского государственного университета. Серия: Политические, социологические и экономические науки</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">2500-3372</issn>
   <issn publication-format="online">2542-1190</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">103840</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21603/2500-3372-2026-11-2-155-165</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="edn">YQGPGT</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Социокультурное и политическое развитие общества</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>Society: Cultural and Political Development</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Социокультурное и политическое развитие общества</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">European Union, Türkiye, and Privileged Partnership: Historical Roots, Legal Framework, and Contemporary Challenges</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Европейский Союз, Турция и привилегированное партнерство: исторические корни, правовая основа и современные вызовы</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9157-6133</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Акчай</surname>
       <given-names>Экрем Яшар </given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Akcay</surname>
       <given-names>Ekrem Yasar </given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>ey_akcay@hotmail.com</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Университет имени Сулеймана Демиреля</institution>
     <city>Испарта</city>
     <country>Турция</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Suleyman Demirel University</institution>
     <city>Isparta</city>
     <country>Turkey</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-07-14T07:55:16+03:00">
    <day>14</day>
    <month>07</month>
    <year>2026</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-07-14T07:55:16+03:00">
    <day>14</day>
    <month>07</month>
    <year>2026</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>11</volume>
   <issue>2</issue>
   <fpage>155</fpage>
   <lpage>165</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-09-03T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>03</day>
     <month>09</month>
     <year>2025</year>
    </date>
    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-11-10T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>10</day>
     <month>11</month>
     <year>2025</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://moloprom.kemsu.ru/en/nauka/article/103840/view">https://moloprom.kemsu.ru/en/nauka/article/103840/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Турция стремится к членству в Европейском союзе с момента подачи заявления о присоединении в 1959 г. Несмотря на колебания в политических и экономических отношениях, достижение полно­правного членства в Европейском союзе неизменно остается центральной государственной политикой почти каждого правительства. Однако с начала 2000-х гг. определенные политические круги в государствах-­членах Европейского союза, особенно в Германии, Франции и Австрии, продвигали идею привилегированного партнерства в качестве альтернативы присоединения. Хотя это предложение не было официально принято институтами ни Турции, ни Европейского союза, оно вызвало бурные дебаты о его правовых рамках и практических последствиях. Некоторые заинтересованные стороны даже утверждали, что Турция с самого начала выступала в качестве привилегированного партнера, учитывая ее давнюю связь с Европейским союзом через Анкарский договор и Таможенный союз. Двусмысленность термина привилегированное партнерство сделала его спорным в отношениях Турции и Европейского союза. Хотя понятие привилегии в целом имеет позитивный оттенок, в случае Турции оно приобрело негативный смысл, став способом постоянного удержания Турции вне европейских механизмов принятия решений с сохранением экономической и политической зависимости. Цель – провести сравнительный анализ потенциального привилегированного партнерства Турции с Европейским союзом и аналогичных моделей, применяемых в Норвегии, Швейцарии и Тунисе. Изучена концепция привилегированного партнерства в контексте дискурса Европейского союза, а также проведено сравнение ее общего применения с конкретными последствиями для Турции. Установлено, что модель привилегированного партнерства отражает как внутренние ограничения Европейского союза, так и его колебания по поводу присоединения Турции. В результате выявлены причины, по которым структура сотрудничества стала проблематичной и политически чувствительной в контексте отношений Турции и Европейского союза.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>Türkiye has pursued European Union membership since its initial application in 1959. Despite fluctuations in political and economic relations, full membership has consistently remained a central state policy, featured in the programs of almost every government. From the early 2000s, however, certain political circles in European Union member states, particularly in Germany, France, and Austria, have promoted the idea of a privileged partnership as an alternative to accession. While this proposal was not formally accepted by either Türkiye or European Union institutions, it sparked intense debates about its definition, legal framework, and practical implications. Some stakeholders even claimed that Türkiye has functioned as a privileged partner from the beginning, given its long-standing association with the Union through the Ankara Agreement and the Customs Union. The ambiguity of the term privileged partnership has made it controversial in Türkiye–European Union relations. Although the notion of privilege generally conveys positive connotations, in Türkiye’s case it has acquired a negative meaning, perceived as a way to keep Türkiye permanently outside the European decision-making mechanisms while maintaining economic and political dependence. This study introduces a novel comparative analysis between Türkiye’s potential privileged partnership with the European Union and similar models applied to Norway, Switzerland, and Tunisia. It investigates the concept of privileged partnership within European Union discourse and compares its general application with its specific implications for Türkiye. The privileged partnership model reflects both the European Union’s internal constraints and its hesitations about Türkiye’s accession. Ultimately, the analysis highlights why a seemingly cooperative framework has become problematic and politically sensitive in the context of Türkiye–European Union relationships.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>Европейский союз</kwd>
    <kwd>полноправное членство</kwd>
    <kwd>привилегированное партнерство</kwd>
    <kwd>Анкарский договор</kwd>
    <kwd>переговоры о присоединении</kwd>
    <kwd>Турция</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>European Union</kwd>
    <kwd>full membership</kwd>
    <kwd>privileged partnership</kwd>
    <kwd>Ankara agreement</kwd>
    <kwd>accession negotiations</kwd>
    <kwd>Türkiye</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
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