с 01.01.2006 по настоящее время
Ульяновск, Россия
УДК 33 Экономика. Экономические науки
Предприниматели играют важную роль в современных национальных экономиках. Вместе с тем многие созданные ими малые и средние предприятия испытывают трудности в привлечении необходимых для функционирования и дальнейшего развития инвестиций. Средств, имеющихся непосредственно у предпринимателей и их родственников, как правило, не хватает для решения задач, особенно в кризисных условиях. В связи с отсутствием значительных основных фондов, кредитных историй, неполнотой раскрываемой в установленной отчетности информации для большинства малых и средних предприятий недоступны банковские кредиты. Как показывает зарубежный опыт, эффективным направлением наращивания финансирования предприятий является использование альтернативных форм и методов получения денежных средств. Рассматривается накопленный за последние годы опыт использования альтернативных инструментов финансирования предпринимательского сектора в зарубежных странах. Такой опыт представляется актуальным для современного этапа развития отечественного предпринимательства. В качестве основных инструментов альтернативного финансирования были выявлены факторинг, финансирование заказов, складские расписки, лизинг, торговый кредит и краудфандинг. Приведены краткие характеристики каждого инструмента, а также достоинства и недостатки, требования к нормативно-правовому обеспечению, виды деятельности, в которых они преимущественно используются. Практическая значимость анализа альтернативных инструментов финансирования заключается в том, что они могут быть использованы при оказании помощи предпринимателям, у которых возникли трудности в финансировании производства и реализации продукции. Результаты могут применяться органами государственного управления для формирования политики улучшения доступа предпринимательских структур к оборотным средствам и инвестициям в России и ее регионах. Материалы представляют интерес для предпринимателей.
факторинг, финансирование заказов, складские расписки, лизинг, торговый кредит, краудфандинг
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